Learned Helplessness I+II   習得無助I+II

Learned Helplessness （LHN） is a well-known behavioral paradigm to study depression-like behavior and anti-depressant drugs in animals. Unpredictable, inescapable foot shock exposure of animals induces response deficits in a subsequent escape learning task.
習得性無助（LHN）是一種*的行為學范例，用于研究動物抑郁類行為和抗抑郁藥物。動物暴露在不可預知的，不可避免的適度的腳部電擊中，會導致接下來的逃離學習任務中反應缺乏。

TSE Systems offers three different approaches to studying LHN.In the system based on an Operant Behavior （Skinner box） apparatus the animal can escape the shock during the test session by pressing a lever.The fully automated LHN test is controlled by the multi-purpose Operant Behavior software that provides predefined paradigms for pre-exposure and test. A free-programming language is available for generating custom procedures.
TSE提供了三種不同的方法來研究習得性無助。基于一個操作行為（斯金納箱）設備的系統中，在測試期間動物可以通過按操作桿終止電擊。全自動的LHN測試通過多功能操作行為軟件進行控制，軟件提供預定義的范例，用于預暴露和測試。一個自由編程的魚宴可用于生成自定義的程序。

The alternative approach to study LHN in mice & rats is based on the Active Avoidance task, which is also part of the new Multi Conditioning System.
研究小鼠和大鼠LHN的另一種選擇，是基于主動回避任務，亦是我們新的多條件系統的組成部分。
• Helplessness test based on operant response （lever pressing） or active avoidance 
  基于操作反應（按下控制桿）或主動回避的習得性無助測試
• Operant test box for rats or mice with electrified floor and wall, cue light set, response lever, house light and loudspeaker 

  操作測試籠用于大鼠和小鼠，附帶電擊地板和墻壁，提示燈設置，響應桿，房間光線和揚聲器
• Various shock characteristics including adjustable pulse frequency and shock application pattern 
  各種電擊特性可設置包括可調節脈沖頻率和電擊的應用模式
• Special box design ensures that the animal cannot escape the shock 
  特殊的箱體設計，確保動物不能逃脫電擊
• Ready-to-use programmed conditioning and test protocols  
  隨時可用的調節和測試協議
• Analysis of Depression 
  分析抑郁

Animal conditioning is achieved by light electrical shock 
通過輕微電擊得到動物訓練。

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