[ SAMPLE PREPARATION ]
1. Uscn, Inc. is only responsible for the kit itself, but not for the samples consumed during the assay. The user
should calculate the possible amount of the samples used in the whole test. Please reserve sufficient
samples in advance.
2. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard
curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their particular experiments.
3. Serum/plasma samples require about a 2,000-4,000 fold dilution. For example, to prepare a 1:2,000 dilution
of sample, transfer 10μL of sample to 190μL PBS. This yields a 1:20 dilution. Next, dilute the 1:20 sample by
transferring 10μL to 990μL PBS. You now have a 1:2,000 dilution of your sample. Mix thoroughly at each
stage. Sample should be diluted by 0.02mol/L PBS（PH=7.0-7.2）.
4. If the samples are not indicated in the manual, a preliminary experiment to determine the validity of the kit is
necessary.
5. Tissue or cell extraction samples prepared by chemical lysis buffer may cause unexpected ELISA results due
to the impacts from certain chemicals.
6. Due to the possibility of mismatching between antigen from other origin and antibody used in our kits （e.g.,
antibody targets conformational epitope rather than linear epitope）, some native or recombinant proteins
from other manufacturers may not be recognized by our products.
7. Influenced by the factors including cell viability, cell number or sampling time, samples from cell culture
supernatant may not be detected by the kit.
8. Fresh samples without long time storage is recommended for the test. Otherwise, protein degradation and
denaturalization may occur in those samples and finally lead to wrong results.
[ ASSAY PROCEDURE ]
1. Determine wells for diluted standard, blank and sample. Prepare 5 wells for standard points, 1 well for blank.
Add 50μL each of dilutions of standard （read Reagent Preparation）, blank and samples into the appropriate
wells, respectively. And then add 50μL of Detection Reagent A to each well immediay. Shake the plate
gently （using a microplate shaker is recommended）. Cover with a Plate sealer. Incubate for 1 hour at 37oC.
Detection Reagent A may appear cloudy. Warm to room temperature and mix gently until solution appears
uniform.
2. Aspirate the solution and wash with 350μL of 1X Wash Solution to each well using a squirt bottle,
multi-channel pipette, manifold dispenser or autowasher, and let it sit for 1-2 minutes. Remove the remaining
liquid from all wells compley by snapping the plate onto absorbent paper. Repeat 5 times. After the last
wash, remove any remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and blot it against
absorbent paper.
3. Add 90μL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer. Incubate for 15 - 25 minutes at
37oC （Don't exceed 30 minutes）. Protect from light. The liquid will turn blue by the addition of Substrate
Solution.
4. Add 50μL of Stop Solution to each well. The liquid will turn yellow by the addition of Stop solution. Mix the
liquid by tapping the side of the plate. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure
thorough mixing.
5. Remove any drop of water and fingerprint on the bottom of the plate and confirm there is no bubble on the
surface of the liquid. Then, run the microplate reader and conduct measurement at 450nm immediay.
Note:
1. Assay preparation: Keep appropriate numbers of wells for 1 experiment and remove extra wells from
microplate. Rest wells should be resealed and stored at -20oC.
2. Samples or reagents addition

Please use the freshly prepared Standard. Please carefully add samples
to wells and mix gently to avoid foaming. Do not touch the well wall. For each step in the procedure, total
dispensing time for addition of reagents or samples to the assay plate should not exceed 10 minutes. This
will ensure equal elapsed time for each pipetting step, without interruption. Duplication of all standards and
specimens, although not required, is recommended. To avoid cross-contamination, change pipette tips
between additions of standards, samples, and reagents. Also, use separated reservoirs for each reagent.
3. Incubation: To ensure accurate results, proper adhesion of plate sealers during incubation steps is
necessary. Do not allow wells to sit uncovered for extended periods between incubation steps. Once
reagents are added to the well strips, DO NOT let the strips DRY at any time during the assay. Incubation
time and temperature must be controlled.
4. Washing: The wash procedure is critical. Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential for good
performance. After the last wash, remove any remaining Wash Solution by aspirating or decanting and
remove any drop of water and fingerprint on the bottom of the plate. Insufficient washing will result in poor
precision and false elevated absorbance reading.
5. Controlling of reaction time: Observe the change of color after adding TMB Substrate （e.g. observation
once every 10 minutes）, if the color is too deep, add Stop Solution in advance to avoid excessively strong
reaction which will result in inaccurate absorbance reading.
6. TMB Substrate is easily contaminated. Please protect it from light.
7. The environment humidity which is less than 60% might have some effects on the final performance,
therefore, a humidifier is recommended to be used at that condition.